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Whitby is a seaside town, port and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. It is upon the Yorkshire Coast at the mouth of the River Esk. It has a maritime, mineral and tourist economy. The fishing port emerged during the Middle Ages, supporting important herring and whaling fleets, and was where Captain Cook intellectual seamanship and, coincidentally, where his first vessel to evaluate the southern ocean, HMS Endeavour, was built. Jet and alum were mined locally, and Whitby jet, which was mined by the Romans and Victorians, became trendy during the 19th century.

The earliest collection of a remaining settlement is in 656 AD, when as Streanæshealh it was the place where Oswy, the Christian king of Northumbria, founded the first abbey, under the abbess Hilda. The Synod of Whitby was held there in 664 AD. In 867 AD, Viking raiders destroyed the monastery. The town’s East Cliff is house to the ruins of Whitby Abbey, where Cædmon, the out of date recognised English poet, lived. Another monastery was founded in 1078 AD. It was in this grow old that it gained its current name, Whitby (from “white settlement” in Old Norse). In the behind centuries Whitby functioned as a fishing agreement until, in the 18th century, it developed as a port and middle for shipbuilding and whaling, the trade in locally mined alum, and the produce of Whitby jet jewellery. Tourism started in Whitby during the Georgian become old and developed behind the arrival of the railway in 1839.

Whitby’s sympathy as a tourist destination is enhanced by the nearby tall ground of the North York Moors national park and the parentage coastline and by association with the horror novel Dracula. The abbey destroy at the top of the East Cliff is the town’s oldest and most prominent landmark. Other significant features enlarge the alternating bridge, which crosses the River Esk and the harbour, which is sheltered by the grade II listed East and West piers. Its maritime stock is commemorated by statues of the pioneer Captain Cook and the whaler and scientist William Scoresby, as competently as the whalebone arch that sits at the top of the West Cliff. It after that has a mighty literary tradition and has featured in researcher works, television and cinema, most famously in Bram Stoker’s novel Dracula.

While Whitby’s cultural and historical heritage contribute to the local economy, it is financially constrained by its unapproachable location, ongoing changes in the fishing industry, relatively underdeveloped transport infrastructure and limitations upon available home and property. As a result, tourism and some forms of fishing remain the mainstay of its economy. It is the closest harbor to a proposed wind farm expand in the North Sea, 47 miles (76 km) from York and 22 miles (35 km) from Middlesbrough. There are transport associates to the ablaze of North Yorkshire and North East England, primarily through national rail contacts to Middlesbrough and road links to Teesside, via both the A171 and A174, and Scarborough by the former. As at 2011, the town had a population of 13,213.